Segmental Anatomy

Description

Formidably illustrated and written, the correlations between spinal nerves and segments in skin, musclar system and bones as well as the projection areas of internal organs on the body surface area are deduced from the anatomy of the nervous system.

These correlations between spinal nerves and the periphery of the body explain how acupuncture, neural, and manual therapies take effect .
Great accessibility through:

• Full colour images
• Drawings that depict the correlations in detail
• Cearly structured layout facilitating the reading of this complex subject

Table of Contents

1

Segmentation and Metamerism 1
What is a Segment? 1
The Significance of Segments 7

2

The Role of the Peripheral Spinal Nervous System in Segmentation 1
The Spinal Nerves 4
The Branches of the Spinal Nerves 15
The Three Spinal Nerve Branches As the Basis of the Threefold Longitudinal Division of the Body Surface 18
The Branches of the Spinal Nerves in Detail 32
The Dorsal Branches of the Spinal Nerves 32
The Dorsal Branches in Psychosomatic Medicine and Evolution 37
The Ventral and Lateral Spinal Nerve Branches and Plexuses 41
Plexus Formation from the Point of View of Segmental Anatomy 42
The Individual Plexuses 47
The Pre- and Postaxial Lines, Basis of the Meridian-„Lines“ 70

3

The Role of the Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System in Segmental Theory 1
Anatomy 2
The Peripheral Sympathetic Nervous System and Its Role in Segmental Theory 4
The Origins of the Sympathetic Nervous System 5
Sympathetic Innervation of the Limbs 6
Sympathetic Effects on the Dilator Pupillae Muscle and on the Effector Organs of the Integument 7
Sympathetic Supply to the Head, Neck, and Limbs 10
The Efferent Sympathetic Nerves 12
The Afferent Sympathetic Nerve Pathways 33
The Large Sympathetic Ganglia and Their Projections onto the Skin 38
The Peripheral Parasympathetic Nervous System and Its Role in Segmental Theory 46

4

The Dermatomes 1
Radicular Innervation of the Integument 1
Clinical Relevance 2
Parts of a Dermatome 4
The Sensory and Autonomic-Motoric Dermatomes 6
Sensory Dermatomes 6
Autonomic-Motoric Dermatomes 8
Physiological Hyperesthesia 9
The Maximum Points of the Dermatomes 9
The Maximum Areas of the Dermatomes 13
The Hiatus Lines 14
Individual Dermatome Groups, Extent and Shape, Interactions, and „Autonomic Facial Expression“ 17
Dermatomes of the Head and Neck 17
Dermatomes of the Trunk T1 to T12 25
The Lumbar and Sacral Dermatomes 29
Dermatoses and Segmentation 30

5

The Myotomes 1
Radicular Innervation of the Muscles 1
Metameric Order of the Myotomes 2
Herringham’s Rules of Location and Distribution of Myotomes in the Muscles 3
The Muscles of the Upper and Lower Limbs and Their Corresponding Myotomes 6
The Individual Myotome Groups 7
The Cervical Myotomes 7
The Thoracic Myotomes (T 1 to T 12) 24
The Lumbo-Sacral Myotomes 34

6

The Sclerotomes 1
Radicular Innervation of the Bones 1
The Spinal Column and Its Segmental Relations 4
The Individual Sclerotomes 6
The Sclerotomes of the Upper Limb and the Shoulder Girdle 6
The Sclerotomes of the Lower Limb and the Pelvis 8

7

The Enterotomes 1
„Transformation“ of Internal Organs into Enterotomes 4

8

Conduction of Impulses Betweeen Segments